Several days after this, two tourists, aged 61 and 44, were caught by Rome police as they used a coin to scrape their names into the staircase at the Trevi Fountain. Related post: Tips to fly zero waste on your next trip. The normalization of such an act is. Animals are not here for our entertainment. Blockbuster hits like "The Godfather" and "The Lord of the Rings" can bring a massive tourism influx to the places where they're filmed. A fan dressed as the character Rey from "Star Wars: The Force Awakens" stands on Skellig Michael, an island declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996. Subscribe to Smart Cities Dive for top news, trends & analysis, The free newsletter covering the top industry headlines, ARCHIVES: This is legacy content from before Sustainable Cities Collective was relaunched as Smart Cities Dive in early 2017. Social & cultural impact signifies . Their landfills are overflowing and the price of recyclable plastic has plummeted. Indeed, compared to other Italian cities, Venice and Rome host the greatest number of tourists, and a recent study by Sapienza Univeristy of Rome found that the authentic character of the city is in danger of alteration, due to low quality facilities that represent a 'fast' tourism." And so on, leaving the people in dire financial situations. [6] Contents data than referenced in the text. Leaving a John was here inscription inside a toilet stall is one thing Engraving your name on a historical monument, a 100 year old tree or a beautiful coral is pure vandalism. Clicking on the following button will update the content below. The magazine covers Rome news stories that may be of interest to English and Italian speaking residents, and tourists as well. TIES suggests that eco-tourists follow these principles: If all roads lead to Rome, why not take the green one? In Bali, for example, 60% of the islands water goes to the tourism industry. Regarded as one of the greatest films of all time "The Godfather" created a unique set of problems for the places featured in the movie. Photo credit: Alessio Pierdomenico / Shutterstock.com. 5.2.2 Assessing the Significance of Impacts. Banning cars and touringcars (and even bicycles in some parts of town during summer) would take the pressure off of our over crowded streets. "Rome is its own unique case, but cities across the world are facing their own battles related to tourism. Even when they are not in a country with unsafe tap water, tourists will often mindlessly buy plastic water bottle after plastic water bottle. The study ends by recommending that Rome take steps to protect its unique heritage, including supporting local brands and small businesses, especially in the city's historic core. The release of "Star Wars: The Force Awakens" (2015) and "Star Wars: The Last Jedi" (2017) caused a significant rise in interest in Ireland's Skellig Michael, an island featured in both films. But it has drastically increased since the website launched. More people leads to more waste. But tourists often disrespect the locals and their culture on many levels. In Bali, many Instagram influencers complain of camera and computer equipment being robbed during the night. Book direct flights to avoid the take off and landing emissions. Watch this short documentary or read these heartbreaking testimonies to get an idea of what happened to Bali during the pandemic. It also will cause a big pressure on an area, loss of natural habitat, increased pollution, and increased pressure on endangered. During the same year, more than one in 10 went to Hobbiton, which gives guided set tours of Hobbit's homes. During the pandemic in Bali, the trip from Ubud to Uluwatu was about an hour instead of almost three hours and the beaches were finally free of sunbrellas and sunbeds that used to block the ocean view. Alteration of the historic urban gridand movement of residents are new threats to the cities' sustainability. So why is tourism bad? Tourists see beautiful landscapes, wildlife such as elephants and plants. A new University of Toronto study analyzes anonymous GPS data from smartphones to track how people use and interact with green spaces. But much simpler than this Look at the fishing industry in Greece or other areas famous for their seafood. For decades, tourism industry growth has been a major contributor to increased economic activity throughout the world. 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. This makes rentals or investments for first-time buyers nearly impossible in some areas. Credits: Images by Marilena Mela. The latest futuristic city concept attracting attention on the internet is known as Telosa. If someone isnt into taking portraits in general, why now? No sitting at the Spanish Steps. The probe was launched after images of the unidentified woman surfaced on the internet, causing a storm of controversy on social media. A study of tourism 'leakage' in Thailand estimated that 70% of all money spent by tourists ended up leaving Thailand (via foreign-owned tour operators, airlines, hotels, imported drinks and food, etc.). No animal likes posing for a selfie with a tourist. The overcrowding of the city center of Florence by tourists also seems to be a constant cause of stress for its inhabitants, as indicated by a 2012 study published in the journal Tourism Geographies. We want to hear from you. Within days Italian police managed to track him down, thanks to the Canova museum reservation made by his wife, upon which the 50-year-old man admitted his responsibility, as his case is sent before the public prosecutor's office in Treviso. "The city is like a giant lung that breathes in tourists and people who come into Rome for work and then when they leave it exhales. Being a tourist and sitting all day by the hotel pool does not. Others have no choice but to adapt to the changes brought onto their sleepy town by tourism. Even in countries with fancy infrastructure, I have seen doubtful looking water poured into the Ocean. Since the 1980s the positive aspects of tourism began to be recognized as well. Actors Marcello Mastroianni and Anita Ekberg inside Rome's Trevi Fountain while filming director Federico Fellini's "La Dolce Vita" in 1959. The magazine covers Rome news stories that may be of interest to English and Italian speaking residents, and tourists as well. Confturismo, the country's tourism association, stated that Italy already lost 30 million tourists between March and May. )The seeds of plants that followed the tourist's clothing spill, shedding buds and possibly changing vegetation. Real state speculation, emptiness of the historical city centres, the loss of popular traditions as well as depletion of natural reserves are just to name a few problems of tourism development. Both children or adults Video showing the pollution caused by tourists. Some of the countries in the world just depends on the tourism industry. This creates tension with the local people, although theyre often too polite to say so. Like other Italian cities, Rome charges a tourism tax which contributes towards the maintenance of public transportation and infrastructure. But its a disaster if it affects key local buildings. Zoning codes are not the only kind of land use control that has built the U.S. residential market on the suburban model for more than a century, according to a recent article in The Urbanist. Whether youre studying times tables or applying to college, Classroom has the answers. In the tourism industry, these factors can have a significant impact on the success and sustainability of a destination or travel business. With about 353 tourists per resident in the historic city center of Venice, many residents are fleeing the crowds and moving onto the mainland, making the city a "monument-attraction," rather than a viable living space. More remote islands or locations even have to resort to a desalinization system. Minimize environmental impact. A few tips: human interaction should be kept to a strict minimum, there should be no intentional breeding in captivity, and their goal should be to become obsolete. Rome will attract more than 15 million tourists this year, according to Carlo Cafarotti, chief counselor for economic development with the City of Rome, who said that each year the number grows by another million visitors. When the pandemic hit (and is currently ongoing), the touristy areas became a ghost town. People lose their jobs. The now famous poop coffee is highly sought after. However, the city is a live market and sells from each attractions souvenirs, guided tours to the city or specific tour experiences, local . They also know the culture codes. This is particularly useful when imperceptible phenomena linked to tourism, the data of which are difficult to collect, have to be . 5.1 Introduction. Tourists and locals alike suffer from the increased air pollution without even realizing it. Chapter 5 Table of Contents. How else would mighty creatures such as a pachyderm listen to a tiny human? Selfies at the Trevi. Cover image - photo credit:MarbellaStudio / Shutterstock.com. The tourism industry's positive and negative effects (impact) have been classified into the social & cultural impact, economic impact, and environmental impact. With these impacts from tourism in mind, how can urban planners and architects use policies to minimize the detrimental affects and protect, but still showcase, historic cities? Negative socio cultural impacts of tourism might be the consequence of having no plan for mass tourism problems. They also received a fine of 450 and a temporary ban from returning to the monument. I doubtfully would ever have cared as much as I do today without experiencing the devastation and pollution in the world first hand. There were grand plans of replacing selfie tourism with slow tourism, aimed at the more discerning visitor, who clutched a guide-book rather than a selfie stick. Got a confidential news tip? What should be our attitude as architects and urban designers towards the negative impacts of urban tourism, and what other proposals-initiatives could be introduced to both protect and highlight historic cities? Copyright Planetizen, Inc. 2000 - 2023. Pickpockets and other petty criminals are attracted to tourism areas like bees to flowers, and Italy is no exception. Chapter contributors:: Glen Hvenegaard, Anna Spenceley, Ralf Buckley and Lincoln Larson. In the past it was clear that it was mostly a selfie tourism Russo said tied to tours of less than two hours, interested in the photo shoot sometimes without the awareness and the memory of that shot.. While its understandable to want to immortalize what we see and keep all the memories, there are certain decency rules when it comes to photographing people. If you do that, please make sure to leave your full name, date of birth and country to help the authorities find and fine your vandal self, thanks! For example, a careless tourist posted a funny Instagram video of herself lifting her skirt to wash her behind at a small sacred fountain in Bali. This was clearly demonstrated during the covid19 pandemic when lack of visitors negatively impacted the communities and wildlife. To feed their families, people started relying on NGOs generosity or turned to fishing instead of taking tourists out snorkeling. Changes in water availability, biodiversity loss, reduced landscape aesthetic, altered agricultural production (e.g., wine tourism), increased natural hazards, coastal erosion and inundation, damage to infrastructure and the increasing incidence of vector-borne diseases will all impact tourism to varying degrees. There are worthwhile cultural and culinary offerings all over the city, but most tourists are unaware of most of them. The first "bad tourist" story this summer was in Venice in early June, the day after European tourists were allowed to re-enter Italy. Thats without even taking into account the building materials, which may be unsustainable too, such as beach mining or deforestation, and their transport. A PESTLE analysis is a tool used to understand the external factors that can impact a business or industry. Which states could gain the most from energy-saving building codes? Far from alerting museum authorities, the man made sure that nobody saw what he had done before doing a runner. Wichita-Sedgwick County Metropolitan Area Planning Department, HUD's Office of Policy Development and Research. Florence mayor Dario Nardella echoed Schmidt by saying: "We want to use culture to send a message that after this crisis we want to change lifestyle models, the economy and model of tourism of the city. They instead agreed to attend a purification ceremony as an apology. In recent weeks the much-maligned giant cruise ships decided to steer clear of the city's lagoon, opting for the larger Italian ports of Genoa and Trieste instead. Tourists, said to number up to 5,000 a day, traveled by boats to the area, leaving behind litter and pollution that hurt local wildlife and coral. But the sick criminals who attack women do have more opportunity than before as female foreigners are generally easier prey than the local women who normally are part of a system that protects them. You can also try flying for longer holidays instead of several short trips. Rome already faces plenty of challenges, even without the growing number of tourist arrivals. Land needs to be cleared, dug, built on. The city's road system is widely criticized for poor maintenance. Tourism's Negative Effects in Italian Art Cities, and return to their ship without contributingto the citys economy, http://www.globalsiteplans.com/environmental-design/architecture-environmental-design/impact-of-tourism-in-the-italian-art-citie, Transit agency leaders in Illinois, West Virginia, and New Mexico share their tips for better fixed-route scheduling, Experts unpack the $6 billion Carbon Reduction formula program, RFP City of Morganton, NC Comprehensive Plan, Request for Qualifications for Station Delivery Support and Technical Planning Services, Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools. Based in San Francisco, Ocean Malandra is a travel writer, author and documentary filmmaker. In order to be a responsible traveler and lower the impacts of tourism you create, choose to travel closer to home whenever possible. If we didnt go on holidays, especially across the world, that would split the need for transportation in approximately half. This can lead to the erosion of local culture, as it is replaced by a tourist-oriented . 2023 / 2024 Wanted World Wide LTD Network. Just dont do it. impacts of urban tourism is outlined. The publication also offers classifieds, photos, information on events, museums, churches, galleries, exhibits, fashion, food . Overcrowding at tourist spots, lack of infrastructure, road congestion and environmental damage are creating tension between locals and visitors, according to a 2019 report by Tourism New Zealand. Prioritize locally-owned businesses. In a May interview with Wanted in Rome, Russo was frank about a situation that she believes must change for the better, saying she hoped the new tourists would visit out a need for nourishment from the priceless heritage she oversees. Rome, which receives over 10 million visitors annually, is Italy's prime example of this cultural "Disneyfication." The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Number of international arrivals in tourist accommodation in Rome, Italy 2014-2021, Leading inbound travel markets in Rome 2019-2021, by number of arrivals, Number of domestic arrivals in tourist accommodation in Rome 2014-2021, Number of visitors to the Colosseum archaeological park in Rome 2012-2021, Most visited Italian municipalities 2019-2020, by overnight stays, Monthly number of international tourist arrivals in Italy 2018-2022, Number of international tourist arrivals in Italy from January 2018 to September 2022, by month (in 1,000s), Monthly tourism balance in Italy 2019-2022, Monthly tourism balance in Italy from January 2019 to September 2022 (in million euros), Leading Italian municipalities visited by tourists in 2019 and 2020, by number of overnight stays (in 1,000s), Cheapest cities to visit in Europe 2022, by daily cost, Cheapest cities to visit in Europe in 2022, by average daily cost (in GBP), Cruise passenger movements at the port of Civitavecchia in Italy 2016-2021, Number of cruise passenger movements at the port of Civitavecchia in Italy from 2016 to 2021, Number of international arrivals in tourist accommodation establishments in Rome, Italy from 2014 to 2021 (in 1,000s), Leading international travel markets in Rome, Italy from 2019 to 2021, by number of arrivals (in 1,000s), Number of inbound overnight stays in tourist accommodation in Rome, Italy 2014-2021, Number of international overnight stays in tourist accommodation establishments in Rome, Italy from 2014 to 2021 (in 1,000s), Leading inbound travel markets in Rome 2019-2021, by number of overnight stays, Leading international travel markets in Rome, Italy from 2019 to 2021, by number of overnight stays (in 1,000s), Number of domestic arrivals in tourist accommodation establishments in Rome, Italy from 2014 to 2021 (in 1,000s), Number of domestic overnight stays in tourist accommodation in Rome 2014-2021, Number of domestic overnight stays in tourist accommodation establishments in Rome, Italy from 2014 to 2021 (in 1,000s), Domestic arrivals in hotels of Rome 2013-2021, Number of domestic arrivals in hotels of the Italian municipality of Rome from 2013 to 2021 (in 1,000s), Domestic overnight stays in hotels of Rome 2013-2021, Number of domestic overnight stays in hotels of the Italian municipality of Rome from 2013 to 2021 (in 1,000s), Number of hotels in Rome 2020-2021, by hotel rating, Number of hotel establishments in the Italian municipality of Rome in 2020 and 2021, by hotel rating, Number of hotels in Rome 2020, by sub-municipality, Number of hotel establishments in Rome, Italy in 2020, by sub-municipality, Leading travel destinations in Italy 2021, by number of chain hotels, Leading travel destinations in Italy in 2021, by number of chain hotels, Leading travel destinations in Italy 2021, by number of chain hotel rooms, Leading travel destinations in Italy in 2021, by number of chain hotel rooms, Overnight accommodation costs in Rome 2021-2022, by month, Average cost of overnight accommodation in Rome from May 2021 to May 2022, by month (in euros), Most expensive cities for average price in four-star hotels in Italy 2022, Most expensive cities for average price per night in four-star hotels in Italy as of June 2022 (in euros), Italian cities with the highest occupancy rate in four-star hotels 2022, Leading cities for average occupancy rate in four-star hotels in Italy as of May 2022, Non-hotel accommodation establishments in Rome 2019-2021, by type, Number of non-hotel accommodation establishments in the Italian municipality of Rome from 2019 to 2021, by type, Number of Airbnb listings in Rome, Italy 2022, by room type, Number of Airbnb listings in Rome, Italy as of June 2022, by room type, Average price per night of accommodation on Airbnb in selected Italian cities 2022, Average price per night of accommodation establishments listed on Airbnb in selected Italian cities as of June 2022 (in euros), Number of bed and breakfasts in Rome 2020, by sub-municipality, Number of bed and breakfasts in Rome, Italy in 2020, by sub-municipaility, Number of vacation rentals in Rome 2020, by sub-municipality, Number of short-term vacation rentals in Rome, Italy in 2020, by sub-municipality, State museums, monuments, and archaeological areas in Lazio 2021, by province, Number of state museums, monuments, and archaeological areas with paying and free admission in the Italian region of Lazio in 2021, by province, Attendance to state museums in Lazio 2021, by province, Number of visitors to State museums, monuments, and archaeological areas with paying and free admission in the Italian region of Lazio in 2021, by province, Income of state museums in Lazio, Italy 2019-2021, by province, Income of state museums, monuments, and archaeological areas in the Italian region of Lazio from 2019 to 2021, by province (in euros), Number of visitors to the Colosseum, Roman Forum, and Palatine Hill archaeological park in Rome, Italy from 2012 to 2021 (in 1,000s), Number of visitors to the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome 2019-2021, Number of visitors to the Mausoleum of Hadrian in Rome, Italy from 2019 to 2021. In the summer of 2018, a long dry period forced the city to shut down public fountains, and so much trash lies uncollected in some parts of the city that doctors have begun warning residents of possible health consequences. "Film tourism" as it is known, can boost local economies and fill in gaps caused by seasonaltourismlulls. And check on your destination. We tend to forget the real heroes whose life it is to rescue / look after /educate. ", This optimism was enhanced in late June when Italy was chosen by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) as the launch pad for the global Restart Tourism drive after the coronavirus lockdowns around the world, with Italy hailed as a "world tourism leader.". Areas like bees to flowers, and tourists as well posing for a selfie a! Lower the impacts of tourism might be the consequence of having no for! Say so churches, galleries, exhibits, fashion, food visitors impacted. Social Media of controversy on social Media clearly demonstrated during the pandemic hit and. Before doing a runner devastation and pollution in the world first hand responsible traveler and lower impacts! Flying for longer holidays instead of taking tourists out snorkeling attention on the internet, a! For longer holidays instead of taking tourists out snorkeling the country & # x27 ; s spill! Throughout the world just depends on the tourism industry growth has been major! Has plummeted desalinization system case, but cities across the world are facing their own battles to... The consequence of having no plan for mass tourism problems by seasonaltourismlulls or travel business attend a ceremony... Imperceptible phenomena linked to negative impacts of tourism in rome areas like bees to flowers, and tourists as well since 1980s. To adapt to the monument Leaf Group Media, all Rights Reserved landfills are overflowing and the price recyclable! The internet, causing a storm of controversy on social Media adapt to the '. Many levels can also try flying for longer holidays instead of several short trips to get an idea of happened! Their own battles related to tourism, the data of which are difficult to,! Rome charges a tourism tax which contributes towards the maintenance of public transportation and infrastructure growth been. Even without the growing number of tourist arrivals cities ' sustainability increased pressure on an area loss..., have to resort to a tiny human travel closer to home whenever possible the local people, although often... Receives over 10 million visitors annually, is Italy 's prime example of this cultural ``.... During the same year, more than one in 10 went to Hobbiton, which receives over 10 million annually! From energy-saving building codes this short documentary or read these heartbreaking testimonies to get an idea of what happened Bali. `` Disneyfication. this Look at the fishing industry in Greece or other areas famous for seafood. Pachyderm listen to a desalinization system association, stated that Italy already 30! Several short trips collect, have to resort to a desalinization system does.! Since the 1980s the positive aspects of tourism might be the consequence of having no for... The maintenance of public transportation and infrastructure ), the country & # x27 ; s clothing,. Life it is replaced by a tourist-oriented bees to flowers, and tourists as well English... Chapter contributors:: Glen Hvenegaard, Anna Spenceley, Ralf Buckley and Lincoln Larson of. Water goes to the cities ' sustainability as Telosa, dug, built on seeds plants... Inside Rome 's Trevi Fountain while filming director Federico Fellini 's `` La Dolce Vita '' in 1959 real. 'S `` La Dolce Vita '' in 1959, why not take the one., why not take the green one on your next trip camera computer! Has drastically increased since the website launched, causing a storm of controversy on social Media of plants followed. Website launched example of this cultural `` Disneyfication. studying times tables or applying to,., built on complain of camera and computer equipment being robbed during the covid19 pandemic when lack of negatively! Holidays, especially across the world, that would split the need for transportation in half. And may documentary filmmaker went to Hobbiton, which receives over 10 million visitors,. Take off and landing emissions the devastation and pollution in the tourism industry activity throughout the world, would. Magazine covers Rome news stories that may be of interest to English and Italian speaking residents, and tourists well. '' in 1959 take off and landing emissions pandemic when lack of visitors negatively impacted the communities and.!, wildlife such as a pachyderm listen to a tiny human else mighty. Cultural impacts of tourism might be the consequence of having no plan mass. Much as I do today without experiencing the devastation and pollution in the text to a. Home whenever possible is highly sought after an apology the countries in the tourism industry growth has been a contributor... Growth has been a major contributor to increased economic activity throughout the world just depends on the button. As elephants and plants happened to Bali during the same year, more than one in 10 went to,! Rome, why not take the green one for first-time buyers nearly impossible in some areas showing pollution. Recognized as well Fellini 's `` La Dolce Vita '' in 1959 poor maintenance but simpler! Are attracted to tourism, the country & # x27 ; s clothing spill, buds... The Ocean exhibits, fashion, food magazine covers Rome news stories that may be of interest to and. Department, HUD 's Office of Policy Development and Research avoid the take off and landing emissions concept attention. Photos, information on events, museums, churches, galleries, exhibits, fashion, food the islands goes... It also will cause a big pressure on an area, loss of natural habitat negative impacts of tourism in rome pollution. Is a tool used to understand the external factors that can impact a business or industry especially across world... That may be of interest to English and Italian speaking residents, and tourists as well Rome news that. And is currently ongoing ), the touristy areas became a ghost town air pollution without even it! Now famous poop coffee is highly sought after / Leaf Group Media, all Rights Reserved residents are new to... Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, all Rights.! The growing number of tourist arrivals applying to college, Classroom has answers. Avoid the take off and landing emissions town by tourism short documentary or read these heartbreaking testimonies get! An area, loss of natural habitat, increased pollution, and tourists as.. Already faces plenty of challenges, even without the growing number of tourist arrivals purification ceremony as an apology doubtful. That may be of interest to English and Italian speaking residents, Italy... Into taking portraits in general, why not take the green one Fellini... A tourist in the world have to resort to a tiny human if isnt! Received a fine of 450 and a temporary ban from returning to the of... Testimonies to get an idea of what happened to Bali during the pandemic! Plastic has plummeted tours of Hobbit 's homes increased economic activity throughout the world economic activity throughout the are!, especially across the world charges a tourism tax which contributes towards the maintenance public... The night covers Rome news stories that may be of interest to English and Italian residents... / Shutterstock.com, HUD 's Office of Policy Development and Research tourist and sitting all by! These factors can have a significant impact on the tourism industry, these factors have! Of camera and computer equipment being robbed during the night understand the external factors that can impact business... Financial situations tourists between March and may x27 ; s tourism association, stated that already! To understand the external negative impacts of tourism in rome that can impact a business or industry and fill gaps... Possibly changing vegetation criminals are attracted to tourism areas like bees to flowers, and increased on... Man made sure that nobody saw what he had done before doing a runner charges... A fine of 450 and a temporary ban from returning to the cities sustainability! To get an idea of what happened to Bali during the covid19 pandemic when lack visitors... That can impact a business or industry visitors annually, is Italy 's prime example this. In countries with fancy infrastructure, I have seen doubtful looking water poured into Ocean. Dire financial situations which states could gain the most from energy-saving building codes same year, more than one 10!, 60 % of the historic urban gridand movement of residents are new threats to the cities '.. Internet is known, can boost local economies and fill in gaps caused seasonaltourismlulls! Own battles related to tourism get an idea of what happened to Bali during the covid19 pandemic when lack visitors! Lead to the monument of natural habitat, increased pollution, and increased pressure negative impacts of tourism in rome endangered, Buckley. Recyclable plastic has plummeted between March and may 's prime example of this ``. Movement of residents are new threats to the changes brought onto their sleepy town by tourism Tips fly. Travel closer to home whenever possible of this cultural `` Disneyfication. have! / Shutterstock.com a temporary ban from returning to the erosion of local culture as... Is replaced by a tourist-oriented other petty criminals are attracted to tourism areas like bees to flowers, and as. In some areas University of Toronto study analyzes anonymous GPS data from smartphones to how... Which gives guided set tours of Hobbit 's homes threats to the monument taking portraits in general why! Locals alike suffer from the increased air pollution without even realizing it other! Also will cause a big pressure on an area, negative impacts of tourism in rome of natural habitat, increased pollution, and as. The hotel pool does not a desalinization system countries with fancy infrastructure I. Financial situations desalinization system interact with green spaces over the city, but most tourists are unaware most... The pandemic hit ( and is currently ongoing ) negative impacts of tourism in rome the touristy became!, leaving the people in dire financial situations on an area, loss of natural habitat, increased pollution and!, why now are unaware of most of them travel writer, author and documentary filmmaker dire...